[2] In this presentation we consider the Russian and international experience of regional estimates and mapping of the natural resources of ground fresh waters.
[3] A tendency to a greater use of ground waters for water supply is currently observed. This is explained by the well known fact that ground waters as a water source have a number of advantages compared to the surface waters. First of all, the quality of ground waters is usually high and they are better protected from pollution and infection; they are less subjected to seasonal and long-term fluctuations and in the majority of cases their use does not require expensive works for purification.
[4] Usually, ground waters of high quality can be found in the immediate vicinity of the consumer. In a number of regions, where surface waters are lacking, water supply of the population and industry is completely based on the use of ground waters. It is important to keep in mind the economical aspect of the problem (constructions of groundwater intake) can be carried out gradually as the demand for water increases, while construction of large hydrotechnical constructions for intake of surface waters usually requires simultaneous investments. These advantages and especially lesser vulnerability of ground waters to pollution determined wide use of ground waters for water supply.
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